Pygame is a cross-platform set of Python modules designed for writing video games. It includes computer graphics and sound libraries designed to be used with the Python programming language.
Installing pygame:
Pygame requires Python; if you don’t already have it, you can download it from python.org. Use python 3.6.1 or greater, because it is much friendlier to newbies, and additionally runs faster.
The best way to install pygame is with the pip tool (which python uses to install packages). Note, this comes with python in recent versions. We use the –user flag to tell it to install into the home directory, rather than globally.
python3 -m pip install -U pygame --userBasic Implementation of Pygame:
# import the pygame module
import pygame# import pygame.locals for easier
# access to key coordinates
from pygame.locals import *# Define our square object and call super to
# give it all the properties and methods of pygame.sprite.Sprite
# Define the class for our square objects
class Square(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super(Square, self).__init__()
# Define the dimension of the surface
# Here we are making squares of side 25px
self.surf = pygame.Surface((25, 25))
# Define the color of the surface using RGB color coding.
self.surf.fill((0, 200, 255))
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()# initialize pygame
pygame.init()# Define the dimensions of screen object
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))# instantiate all square objects
square1 = Square()
square2 = Square()
square3 = Square()
square4 = Square()# Variable to keep our game loop running
gameOn = True# Our game loop
while gameOn:
# for loop through the event queue
for event in pygame.event.get():
# Check for KEYDOWN event
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
# If the Backspace key has been pressed set
# running to false to exit the main loop
if event.key == K_BACKSPACE:
gameOn = False
# Check for QUIT event
elif event.type == QUIT:
gameOn = False# Define where the squares will appear on the screen
# Use blit to draw them on the screen surface
screen.blit(square1.surf, (40, 40))
screen.blit(square2.surf, (40, 530))
screen.blit(square3.surf, (730, 40))
screen.blit(square4.surf, (730, 530))# Update the display using flip
pygame.display.flip()
Output:
The above Python code is a simple pygame script to draw four cyan color
Our Task:
To create a Pong Game which can be played by Two players
Things to be considered:
We have to Add Few things to UI:
>> PADDLE’s
>> BALL
>> SCORE COUNTER
>> SCORE TEXT
We also have to manage the Collision
>> Collision with the ceiling
>> Collision of Ball with the Paddle
Let’s Get started:
Importing and Declaring the variables which is to be used later
One thing to Notice:
Here: W → Width and H → Height of the Window
from time import sleep
import pygamepygame.init()WIDTH, HEIGHT =700,500
WIN= pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Pong Game")# Settinhg FPS
FPS=60# Defining Color Variables
BLACK=(0,0,0)
WHITE=(255,255,255)
TURQUOISE=(175,238,238)
PINK_ORANGE=(248, 152, 128)
SADDLE_BROWN=(139,69,19)# Defining Ball Variables
MAX_VEL=6
BALL_RADIUS=7# Defining font Variables
SCORE_FONT=pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans",50)
WINING_SCORE=10
Step-2: Creating a Class for Paddles
#Setting class for Paddles
PADDLE_WIDTH,PADDLE_HEIGHT=20,100
class Paddle:
COLOR1,COLOR2=WHITE,TURQUOISE
VEL=4
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
self.x = self.orignal_x = x
self.y = self.orignal_y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height def draw_paddle(self,win):
pygame.draw.rect(win,self.COLOR2,
(self.x,self.y,self.width,self.height)) def paddle_movement(self,up=True):
if up == True:
self.y=self.y-self.VEL
else:
self.y=self.y+self.VEL def reset_paddle(self):
self.x=self.orignal_x
self.y=self.orignal_y
Step-3: Creating a Class for Ball
# Making class for Ballclass Ball:
MAX_VEL=6
COLOR=WHITE def __init__(self,x,y,radius):
self.x =self.orignal_x = x
self.y = self.orignal_y = y
self.radius = radius
self.x_vel=MAX_VEL
self.y_vel=0 def draw_ball(self,win):
pygame.draw.circle(win,self.COLOR,(self.x,self.y),self.radius) def move_ball(self):
self.x=self.x+self.x_vel
self.y=self.y+self.y_vel def reset_ball(self):
self.x=self.orignal_x
self.y=self.orignal_y
Step-4: Handling Collision
#defining for handle collision
def handle_collision(ball,left_paddle,right_paddle):
# For ceiling colision
if ball.y+ ball.radius>=HEIGHT:
ball.y_vel*=-1
elif ball.y - ball.radius<=0:
ball.y_vel*=-1 #now for left_paddle and ball collision
if ball.x_vel<0:
if (ball.y>=left_paddle.y) and (ball.y<=left_paddle.y + left_paddle.height):
if (ball.x - ball.radius) <= (left_paddle.x + left_paddle.width):
ball.x_vel*=-1 #For ball_y_velocity on right_paddle
middle_y=left_paddle.y+ left_paddle.height//2
difference_in_y=middle_y-ball.y
reduction_factor= (left_paddle.height/2)/ball.MAX_VEL
y_vel=difference_in_y/reduction_factor
ball.y_vel=-1*y_vel #For right_paddle and ball collision
else:
if ball.y>=right_paddle.y and ball.y<=(right_paddle.y + right_paddle.height):
if ball.x + ball.radius >= right_paddle.x:
ball.x_vel*=-1 #For ball_y_velocity on right_paddle
middle_y=left_paddle.y+ left_paddle.height//2
difference_in_y=middle_y-ball.y
reduction_factor= (left_paddle.height/2)/ball.MAX_VEL
y_vel=difference_in_y/reduction_factor
ball.y_vel=-1*y_vel
Step-4: Handling Key Movement
#defining handle_movement depending on the Keysdef handle_paddle_movement(keys,left_paddle, right_paddle):
if keys[pygame.K_w] and (left_paddle.y - left_paddle.VEL>=0):
left_paddle.paddle_movement(up=True)
if keys[pygame.K_s] and (left_paddle.y + left_paddle.VEL + left_paddle.height <=HEIGHT):
left_paddle.paddle_movement(up=False) if keys[pygame.K_UP] and (right_paddle.y - right_paddle.VEL>=0):
right_paddle.paddle_movement(up=True) if keys[pygame.K_DOWN] and (right_paddle.y + right_paddle.VEL + right_paddle.height <=HEIGHT):
right_paddle.paddle_movement(up=False)
Step-4: Drawing Everything on the Window
# Defining the person to show on Windows Finally
def draw(win,paddles,ball,left_score,right_score):
win.fill(BLACK) #Adding score
#These two lines will give us a drawable object
left_score_text=SCORE_FONT.render(f"{left_score}",1,PINK_ORANGE)
right_score_text=SCORE_FONT.render(f"{right_score}",1,PINK_ORANGE) #Applying the text object
win.blit(left_score_text,(WIDTH//4-left_score_text.get_width(),20))
win.blit(right_score_text,(3*WIDTH//4-right_score_text.get_width(),20)) #Adding Paddles
for paddle in paddles:
paddle.draw_paddle(win) # Adding Dash line
for i in range(10,HEIGHT,HEIGHT//20):
if i % 2==1:
continue
pygame.draw.rect(win,PINK_ORANGE,(WIDTH//2-5,i,5,HEIGHT//20)) #Adding ball
ball.draw_ball(win)
pygame.display.update() #just like stateful widget
Step-5: Defining Main Method to run everything
https://gist.github.com/Rishbah-76/6aaeb0c08e2ee7d030c5464c78449ad2
Step-6: Ouput
Github Link for Code:
